Erectile Dysfunction and Various Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Diabetic Males- A Continued Study
Erectile Dysfunction and Various Cardiovascular Risk Factors in DiabeticMales- A Continued Study
Keywords:
Diabetes, Erectile dysfunctionAbstract
Background: Erectile dysfunction is a prevalent health problem among diabetics. Presence of erectile
dysfunction in diabetics mandates evaluation for coronary artery disease risk factors. Methodology: This case control
hospital based study involved 102 patients evaluated for coronary artery disease risk factors by using IIEF-5
questionnaire at Upgraded P.G. Department of Medicine, M.L.N. Medical College, and SRN Hospital, Allahabad after
taking informed consent and intuitional ethical committee permission. Suitable statistical tests were applied. Results:
Seventy (68.3%) patients were found to have erectile dysfunction. Percentage of mild, mild to moderate, moderate
and severe erectile dysfunction was 11.42, 25.71, 31.43 and 31.43 percent respectively. Age was found to be a
significant determinant of erectile dysfunction in diabetics. Prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher
among the cases as compared to controls. Conclusion: All diabetic males with erectile dysfunction should be
intensively investigated for coronary artery disease and its risk factors. [Rana M NJIRM2016; 7(2):100-105]
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disease. JAMA 2005;294(23):2996-3002.
2. Thomus GN, Yeung TF V. Tomlinson B. Association
of Erectile dysfunction with cardiovascular risk
factors and increasing existing vascular disease in
Male type 2 Diabetic patients. Diabetes care
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Impotence and its medical and psychosocial
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Consensus Development Panel on Impotence
JAMA 1993,270:83-90.
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Kirkpatrick J and Mishra A. The International Index
of Erectile Dysfunction (IIEF): A multidimensional
scale for assessment of erectile dysfunction.
Urology 1997; 49(6):822-830.
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Pena BM. Development and evaluation of an
abridged, 5-item version of the International Index
of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) as a diagnostic tool for
erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 1999; 11: 319-
32.
8. Executive summary of the third report of national
cholesterol education programme, Adult
treatment Panel 3. JAMA,May 16,2001,285,19.
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Williams R. Erectile dysfunction is a marker for
cardiovascular disease : results of the Minority
Health Institute expert advisory panel. J Sex Med
2005;2:40-52.
10. Speel TGW, Van Langen H, Meuleman EJH. The risk
of coronary heart disease in men with erectile
dysfunction. Eur Urol 2003;44:366-71.
11. Monorsi F, Briganti A, Salonia A. Erectile
dysfunction prevalence, time of onset and
association with risk factors in 300 consecutive
patients with acute chest pain and angiographically
documented coronary artery disease. Eur Urol
2003;44:360-5.
12. Jackson G. Erectile dysfunction, like diabetes,
should be considered a 'cardiovascular equivalent'.
Int J Clin Pract 2005; 59:507.
13. Sasaki H, Yamasaki H, Nanjo K, Kawamori R,
Iwamoto Y, Katayama S, Shirai J. Prevalence and
risk factors for erectile dysfunction in Japanese
diabetics. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005;70(1):81-9.
14. Al-Hunayan A, Al-Mutar M, Kehinde EO, Thalib L,
Al-Ghorory M. The prevalence and predictors of
erectile dysfunction in men with newly diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BJU Int.
2007;99(1):130-34.
15. Tikkanen MJ, Jackson G, Tammela T et al. Erectile
Dysfunction as a risk factor for Coronary Heart
Disease : Implications for Prevention. Int. J. Clin
Pract. 2007;61(2):265-268.
16. Laumann EO, Paik A, Rosen RC. The epidemiology
of erectile dysfunction: results from the NHSLS. Int
J Impot Res 1999; 11(suppl 1):S 60-4.
17. Kalter O, Murad H, Wainstein J et al. Clinical,
Socioeconomic, and Lifestyle parameters
associated with Erectile Dysfunction Among
Diabetic men. Diabetes Care 2005; 28(7): 1739-
1744.
18. Elhanbly S, Abdel-Gaber S, Fathy H, El-Bayoumi Y,
Wald M, and Niederberger CS. Erectile Dysfunction
in Smokers: A Penile Dynamic and Vascular Study
Journal of Andrology, 2004; 25(6):991-995.
19. Rosen M, Greenfield A, Walker T, Grant P, Dubrow
J, Bettman M, Fried L, Goldstein I. Cigarette
smoking: an independent risk factor for
atherosclerosis in the hypogastric-cavernous
arterial bed of men with arteriogenic impotence. J
Urol. 1991; 145:759–763.
20. Jeremy J, Mikhailidis D, Thompson C, Dandona P.
The effect of cigarette smoke and diabetes mellitus
on muscarinic stimulation of prostacyclin synthesis
by rat penis. Diabetes Res. 1986; 3:467–452.
21. Ridener CE, Rhoden EL, Ribeiro EP, Fuchs SC.
Central obesity is an independent predictor of
erectile dysfunction in older men. J. Urol.;2006;176
: 1519-23.
dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular
disease. JAMA 2005;294(23):2996-3002.
2. Thomus GN, Yeung TF V. Tomlinson B. Association
of Erectile dysfunction with cardiovascular risk
factors and increasing existing vascular disease in
Male type 2 Diabetic patients. Diabetes care
2005;28:2051.
3. Feldman HA, Goldstein I, Hatzichristou DG et al.
Impotence and its medical and psychosocial
correlates: results of the Massachusetts MaleAging Study1: J Urol. 1994; 151(1):54-61.
4. NIH Consensus Conference. Impotence.NIH
Consensus Development Panel on Impotence
JAMA 1993,270:83-90.
5. Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and
Classification of Diabetes Mellitus: Report of the
Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and
Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care
20:1183-1197, 1997.
6. Rosen RC, Riley A, Wagner G, Osterloh IH,
Kirkpatrick J and Mishra A. The International Index
of Erectile Dysfunction (IIEF): A multidimensional
scale for assessment of erectile dysfunction.
Urology 1997; 49(6):822-830.
7. Rosen RC, Cappelleri JC, Smith MD, Lipsky J and
Pena BM. Development and evaluation of an
abridged, 5-item version of the International Index
of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) as a diagnostic tool for
erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 1999; 11: 319-
32.
8. Executive summary of the third report of national
cholesterol education programme, Adult
treatment Panel 3. JAMA,May 16,2001,285,19.
9. Billups KL, Bank AJ, Padma-nathan H, Katz S,
Williams R. Erectile dysfunction is a marker for
cardiovascular disease : results of the Minority
Health Institute expert advisory panel. J Sex Med
2005;2:40-52.
10. Speel TGW, Van Langen H, Meuleman EJH. The risk
of coronary heart disease in men with erectile
dysfunction. Eur Urol 2003;44:366-71.
11. Monorsi F, Briganti A, Salonia A. Erectile
dysfunction prevalence, time of onset and
association with risk factors in 300 consecutive
patients with acute chest pain and angiographically
documented coronary artery disease. Eur Urol
2003;44:360-5.
12. Jackson G. Erectile dysfunction, like diabetes,
should be considered a 'cardiovascular equivalent'.
Int J Clin Pract 2005; 59:507.
13. Sasaki H, Yamasaki H, Nanjo K, Kawamori R,
Iwamoto Y, Katayama S, Shirai J. Prevalence and
risk factors for erectile dysfunction in Japanese
diabetics. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005;70(1):81-9.
14. Al-Hunayan A, Al-Mutar M, Kehinde EO, Thalib L,
Al-Ghorory M. The prevalence and predictors of
erectile dysfunction in men with newly diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BJU Int.
2007;99(1):130-34.
15. Tikkanen MJ, Jackson G, Tammela T et al. Erectile
Dysfunction as a risk factor for Coronary Heart
Disease : Implications for Prevention. Int. J. Clin
Pract. 2007;61(2):265-268.
16. Laumann EO, Paik A, Rosen RC. The epidemiology
of erectile dysfunction: results from the NHSLS. Int
J Impot Res 1999; 11(suppl 1):S 60-4.
17. Kalter O, Murad H, Wainstein J et al. Clinical,
Socioeconomic, and Lifestyle parameters
associated with Erectile Dysfunction Among
Diabetic men. Diabetes Care 2005; 28(7): 1739-
1744.
18. Elhanbly S, Abdel-Gaber S, Fathy H, El-Bayoumi Y,
Wald M, and Niederberger CS. Erectile Dysfunction
in Smokers: A Penile Dynamic and Vascular Study
Journal of Andrology, 2004; 25(6):991-995.
19. Rosen M, Greenfield A, Walker T, Grant P, Dubrow
J, Bettman M, Fried L, Goldstein I. Cigarette
smoking: an independent risk factor for
atherosclerosis in the hypogastric-cavernous
arterial bed of men with arteriogenic impotence. J
Urol. 1991; 145:759–763.
20. Jeremy J, Mikhailidis D, Thompson C, Dandona P.
The effect of cigarette smoke and diabetes mellitus
on muscarinic stimulation of prostacyclin synthesis
by rat penis. Diabetes Res. 1986; 3:467–452.
21. Ridener CE, Rhoden EL, Ribeiro EP, Fuchs SC.
Central obesity is an independent predictor of
erectile dysfunction in older men. J. Urol.;2006;176
: 1519-23.
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Published
2018-02-07
How to Cite
Kumar, B., & Rana, M. (2018). Erectile Dysfunction and Various Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Diabetic Males- A Continued Study: Erectile Dysfunction and Various Cardiovascular Risk Factors in DiabeticMales- A Continued Study. National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine, 7(2), 100–105. Retrieved from http://www.nicpd.ac.in/ojs-/index.php/njirm/article/view/1367
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