Evaluation of Hematological and Biochemical parameters in Malaria positive patients- A hospital based cross-sectional observational study

Abstract

Introduction: Malaria remains a major public health problem in tropical countries, especially in India leading to anemia, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, hyperbilirubinemia and if untreated; it may damage kidney and liver. It is associated with significant hematological and biochemical alterations that reflect disease severity and prognosis.
Aims and objectives: To evaluate hematological and biochemical parameters in patients diagnosed with malaria.
Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Pathology and Medicine over a period of 6 months from June 2025 to December 2025 in over 591 Malaria positive patients in the Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Bharatratna Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai. Hematological parameters were analysed using automated hematology analyzers and biochemical parameters were assessed using fully automated biochemistry analyzer.
Results: Anemia, thrombocytopenia and leucopenia were the most common hematological findings. Among the biochemical parameters; hyperbilirubinemia was the most common abnormal biochemical finding with blood urea, serum creatinine, Serum Glutamic- Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase and serum protein also showing alterations.
Conclusion: Evaluation of Hematological and biochemical parameters in malaria can serve as an important diagnostic and prognostic indicators to prevent and to monitor liver, kidney and multi-organ dysfunction.